Anticorpi cerebralli per valutare la tossicità del mercurio e di altri chimici tossici nell'autismo e DPS, sclerosis multiple, Alzheimer e Parkinson.

Il Great Plains Laboratory non offrirà più l'analisi di Anticorpi basici contro mielina ni l'analisi di Anticorpi di proteine dell'acido gliale fibrillare, quindi ci scusiamo per i problemi che questa decisione possa provocare.

Comunque manterremo l'informazione di queste prove (in inglese) per scopi didattici e informativi soltanto. Grazie della vostra comprensione.

The toxicity of mercury has been well established. The benefits to children with autism of mercury removal by chelation therapy were a major focus of the last Defeat Autism Now (DAN) conference. One of the major difficulties is that testing for mercury may not be able to detect mercury exposure that has occurred more than one year ago. In such cases, a biological marker for the harmful effects of mercury toxicity is very desirable. Elevated autoantibodies to brain proteins are frequently found in autism. Singh reported that patients with autism had significantly higher values for autoantibodies to myelin than controls. Organic mercury found in vaccines as the preservative thimerosal and in fish is especially potent in inducing brain autoantibodies. Mercury has the ability to react with the sulfhydryl groups of a wide range of proteins, altering their structure so significantly that the immune system no longer recognizes them as "self" and mounts an attack against these proteins. When proteins in the brain are attacked, the brain cells may not function properly. Brain pathology associated with methylmercury toxicity includes neuronal (nerve) cell degeneration and demyelination (the removal of the insulation material surrounding the nerve axons leading to short-circuiting of the nerve signals.) Antibodies to brain proteins were elevated in human workers exposed to either mercury or lead. Furthermore, the workers with the most severe impairments were those with the highest brain antibody levels. In multiple sclerosis, the axons of the neurons are actually severed with 11,236 severed axons per cubic millimeter in active lesions of brain tissue versus less than one severed axon per cubic millimeter in normal tissue. The chelating agent DMSA substantially reversed brain pathology in rats exposed to lead. DMSA has not been nearly as effective in reducing autistic symptoms in older individuals as in younger children perhaps because of mercury causing damage over a longer time period. Mercury in the brain may persist for decades. Clinical accounts also seem to indicate more success in chelation treatment of other neurodegenerative diseases in the early stages of the disease. Removal of mercury and lead with chelation treatment over a six-month period restored all mental function in a person with severe memory loss and suspected Alzheimer's disease. Since silver dental fillings are a major source of mercury, such fillings should be removed prior to chelation.

There have been associations of a number of other xenobiotics with human autoimmune disease, including iodine, vinyl chloride, canavanine, organic solvents, silica, l-tryptophan, particulates, ultraviolet radiation, and ozone. In addition, there is discussion in the literature that raises the possibility that xenobiotics may also exacerbate an existing autoimmune disease.

Therapies for people with elevated brain autoantibodies and neurodegenerative diseases.

1. 1. Remove toxic heavy metals such as mercury, lead, and aluminum. Most heavy metals can be effectively removed by DMSA therapy. Aluminum is an exception but it can be effectively removed by the use of oral malic acid.
   
2. Treat with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG). For reasons that are not entirely clear, treatment with intravenous infusions of antibodies will sometimes decrease the production of autoantibodies. The therapy may be very expensive and yet there are some children with autism in which a nearly complete remission has occurred.
   
3. Take myelin supplements by mouth to slow the attack of the immune system. A number of studies have found that feeding a substance at very high levels to which the person has a severe allergy will depress the overactive immune response. The phenomenon is called oral immune tolerance. Bovine brain is available from Ecological Formulas. Because of Mad Cow Disease, I would not use the product unless the geographic source of the product is documented. Cows from England and other European countries have been affected with this disorder. One-half to one capsule a day has been used to treat autism and this same approach has also been used for MS patients.

Test requirements and prices

Test: Myelin basic protein antibodies. Includes IgG, IgA, and IgM to myelin basic protein. Write in MBP antibody in "other" slot on test requisition form.
Purpose: Indicates the presence of autoantibodies against myelin in the peripheral or central nervous system.
Clinical Usefulness: Autism and PDD, Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and peripheral neuropathy.
Sample requirement: 1 ml serum from red top tube
Shipping requirement: Ship at room temperature
Cost: $135

Test: Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein antibodies.
Purpose: Indicates the presence of antibodies to the central nervous system and astrocytes. Astrocytes are extremely important since they act as sites of deposition for heavy metals including mercury.
Clinical usefulness: Autism and PDD, Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).
Sample requirement: 1 ml serum from red top tube
Shipping requirement: Ship at room temperature
Cost: $175

Nervous system autoimmunity combination profile (Recommended profile):
Includes both of the above tests including IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies to myelin basic protein and Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein antibodies as well.
Sample requirement: 2 ml serum from red top tube.
Cost: $275.

References

1. MOHAMED B. ABOU-DONIA AND LORNE K. GARRETTSON. Detection of neurofilament autoantibodies in human serum following chemically induced neurologic disorder: a case report. Environmental Epidemiology and Toxicology (2000) 2, 37-41.
   
2. Hassan A. et al. Exposure of methylmercury results in serum autoantibodies to neurotypic and gliotyoic antibodies. Neuro Toxicology 17: 267-276, 1996.
   
3. Hassan A et al. Neuroimmunotoxicology: Humoral assessment of neurotoxicity and autoimmune mechanisms. Environ Health Perspect 107 (SUPPL 5): 767-775, 1999.

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